1. In these Articles, if not inconsistent with the subject or context, the words and expressions standing in the first column of the following table shall bear the meanings set opposite them respectively in the second column thereof.

Words         Meanings
 

Capital	The sum of the aggregate par value of all outstanding shares with par value of the Company and shares with par value held by the Company as treasury shares plus
	a) the aggregate of the amounts designated as capital of all outstanding shares without par value of the Company and
	b) the amounts as are from time to time transferred from surplus to capital by a resolution of directors.
Member	A person who holds shares in the Company.
Person	An individual, a corporation, a trust, the estate of a deceased individual, a partnership or an unincorporated association of persons.
Resolution of Directors	a) A resolution approved at a duly constituted meeting of directors of the Company or of a committee of directors of the Company by the affirmative vote of a simple majority of the directors present at the meeting who voted and did not abstain; or
	b) A resolution consented to in writing by all directors or of all members of the committee, as the case may be.
	Except that where a director is given more than one vote, he shall be counted by the number of votes he casts for the purpose of establishing a majority.
Resolution of Members	a) A resolution approved at a duly convened and constituted meeting of the members of the Company by the affirmative vote of
	I. a simple majority of the votes of the shares entitled to vote thereon which were present at the meeting and were voted and did not abstain, or
	II. a simple majority of the votes of each class or series of shares which were present at the meeting and entitled to vote thereon as a class or series and were voted and did not abstain and of a simple majority of the votes of the remaining shares entitled to vote thereon which were present at the meeting and were voted and did not abstain; or
	b) a resolution consented to in writing by
	I. an absolute majority of the votes of shares entitled to vote thereon, or
	II. an absolute majority of the votes of each class or series of shares entitled to vote thereon as a class or series and of an absolute majority of the votes of the remaining shares entitled to vote thereon.
Securities	Shares and debt obligations of every kind, and options, warrants and rights to acquire shares, or debt obligations.
Surplus	The excess, if any, at the time of the determination of the total assets of the Company over the aggregate of its total liabilities, as shown in its books of account, plus the Company's capital.
The Memorandum	The Memorandum of Association of the Company as originally registered or as from time to time amended.
The Ordinance	The Companies Ordinance including any modification, extension, re-enactment or renewal thereof and any regulations made thereunder.
The Seal	Any Seal which has been duly adopted as the Seal of the Company.
These Articles	These Articles of Association as originally registered or as from time to time amended.
Treasury Shares	Shares in the Company that are not issued or that were previously issued but were redeemed.

"Written" or any term of like import includes words typewritten, printed, painted, engraved, lithographed, photographed or represented or reproduced by any mode of representing or reproducing words in a visible form, including telecopier, telex, telegram, cable, e-mail, or other form of writing produced by electronic communication.

Save as aforesaid any words or expressions defined in the Ordinance shall bear the same meaning in these Articles.

Whenever the singular or plural number, or the masculine, feminine or neuter gender is used in these Articles, it shall, where the context admits, include the others.

A reference in these Articles to voting in relation to shares shall be construed as a reference to voting by members holding the shares except that it is the votes allocated to the shares that shall be counted and not the number of members who actually voted and a reference to shares being present at a meeting shall be given a corresponding construction.

A reference to money in these Articles is a reference to the currency of the United States of America unless otherwise stated.

REGISTERED SHARES
2.  The Company shall issue to every member holding registered shares in the Company a certificate signed by a director or officer of the Company under the Seal of the Company specifying the number and type of share or shares held by him and the signature of the director or officer and the Seal may be facsimiles. The shares need not bear separate distinctive numbers.

3. Any member receiving a share certificate for registered shares shall indemnify and hold the Company and its directors and officers harmless from any loss or liability which it or they may incur by reason of wrongful or fraudulent use or representation made by any person by virtue of the possession thereof. If a share certificate for registered shares if worn out or lost it may be renewed on production of the worn out certificate or on satisfactory proof of its loss together with such indemnity as may be required by a resolution of directors.

4. If several persons are registered as joint holders of any shares, any one of such persons may give an effectual receipt for any dividend payable in respect of such shares.

SHARES, AUTHORISED CAPITAL AND CAPITAL
5.Subject to the provisions of these Articles and any resolution of members the unissued shares of the Company shall be at the disposal of the directors who may without prejudice to any rights previously conferred on the holders of any existing shares or class or series of shares, offer, allot, grant options over or otherwise dispose of the shares to such persons, at such times and upon such terms and conditions as the Company may by resolution of directors determine.

6. Shares in the Company shall be issued for money, services rendered, personal property, an estate in real property, a promissory note or other binding obligation to contribute money or property or any combination of the foregoing as shall be determined by a resolution of directors.

7. Shares in the Company may be issued for such amount of consideration as the directors may from time to time by resolution of directors determine, except that in the case of shares with par value, the amount shall not be less than the par value, and in the absence of fraud the decision of the directors as to the value of the consideration received by the Company in respect of the issue is conclusive unless a question of law is involved. The consideration in respect of the shares constitutes capital to the extent of the par value and the excess constitutes surplus.

8. A share issued by the Company upon conversion of, or in exchange for, another share or a debt obligation or other security in the Company, shall be treated for all purposes as having been issued for money equal to the consideration received or deemed to have been received by the Company in respect of the other share, debt obligation or security.

9. Treasury shares may be disposed of by the Company on such terms and conditions (not otherwise inconsistent with these Articles) as the Company may by resolution of directors determine.

10. The Company may issue fractions of a share and a fractional share shall have the same corresponding fractional liabilities, limitations, preferences, privileges, qualifications, restrictions, rights and other attributes of a whole share of the same class or series of shares.

11. Upon the issue by the Company of a share without par value, if an amount is stated in the Memorandum to be authorised capital represented by such shares then each share shall be issued for no less than the appropriate proportion of such amount which shall constitute capital, otherwise the consideration in respect of the share constitutes capital to the extent designated by the directors and the excess constitutes surplus, except that the directors must designate as capital an amount of the consideration that is at least equal to the amount that the share is entitled to as a preference, if any, in the assets of the Company upon liquidation of Company.

12. The Company may redeem its own shares but only out of surplus or in exchange for newly issued shares of equal value but no redemption shall be made unless the directors determine that immediately after the redemption the Company will be able to satisfy its liabilities as they become due in the ordinary course of its business and the realisable value of the assets of the company will not be less than the sum of its total liabilities, other than deferred taxes, as shown in the books of account, and its capital and, in the absence of fraud, the decision of the directors as to the realisable value of the assets of the company is conclusive, unless a question of law is involved.

13. A determination by the directors under the preceding Article is not required where shares are redeemed.
 

a. pursuant to a right of a member to have redeemed or to have his shares exchanged for money or other property of the Company;

b. by virtue of the provisions of Section 147 of the Ordinance ; and

c. pursuant to an order of the court.

14. Shares that the Company redeems pursuant to Article 12 may be cancelled or held as treasury shares unless the shares are redeemed out of capital and would otherwise infringe upon the requirements of Article 32, 33 and 34, or to the extent that such shares are in excess of 80 percent of the issued shares of the Company, in which case they shall be cancelled but they shall be available for reissue.

Upon the cancellation of a share, the amount included as capital of the Company with respect to that share shall be deducted from the capital of the Company.

15. No notice of a trust, whether expressed, implied or constructive, shall be entered in the share register.

LIEN
16 The Company shall have a lien on every share, whether fully paid or not, and whether registered in the name of one or more members, and accordingly in Regulation 7 of Table 'A' the words "not being fully paid share" and "other than fully paid shares" shall be omitted; and the words "a single person" shall be deleted and the words "any member, whether alone or jointly with other members" shall be substituted therefor.

TRANSFER OF SHARES
17. Subject to any limitations in the Memorandum, registered shares in the Company may be transferred in such manner as the directors may from time to time decide.

18. The Company shall not be required to treat a transferee of a registered share in the Company as a member until the transferee's name has been entered in the share register.

19. Subject to any limitations in the Memorandum, the Company must on the application of the transferor or transferee of a registered share in the Company enter in the share register the name of the transferee of the share save that the registration of transfers may be suspended and the share register closed at such times and for such periods as the Company may from time to time by resolution of directors determine provided always that such registration shall not be suspended and the share register closed for more than 60 days in any period of 12 months.

TRANSMISSION OF SHARES
20. The executor or administrator of a deceased member, the guardian of an incompetent member or the trustee of a bankrupt member shall be the only person recognised by the Company as having any title to his share but they shall not be entitled to exercise any rights as a member of the Company until they have proceeded as set forth in the next following three Articles.

21. The production to the Company of any document which is evidence of probate of the will, or letters of administration of the estate, or confirmation as executor, of a deceased member or of the appointment of a guardian of an incompetent member or the trustee of a bankrupt member shall be accepted by the Company even if the deceased, incompetent or bankrupt member is domiciled outside Gibraltar if the document evidencing the grant of probate or letter of administration, confirmation as executor, appointment as guardian or trustee in bankruptcy is issued by a foreign court which has competent jurisdiction in the matter. For the purpose of establishing whether or not a foreign court is of competent jurisdiction the directors may obtain appropriate legal advice. The directors may also require an indemnity to be given by the executor, administrator, guardian or trustee in bankruptcy.

22. Any person becoming entitled by operation of law or otherwise to a share or shares in consequence of the death, incompetence or bankruptcy of any member may be registered as a member upon such evidence being produced as may reasonably be required by the directors. An application by any such person to be registered as a member shall for all purposes be deemed to be a transfer of shares and the directors shall treat it as such.

23. Any person who has become entitled to a share or shares in consequence of the death, incompetence or bankruptcy of any member may, instead of being registered himself, request in writing that some person to be named by him be registered as the transferee of such share or shares and such request shall likewise be treated as if it were a transfer.

24. What amounts to incompetence on the part of a person is a matter to be determined by the court having regard to all the relevant evidence and the circumstances of the case.

REDUCTION OR INCREASE IN AUTHORISED CAPITAL OR CAPITAL
25. Subject to the provisions of Article 31, the Company may in General Meeting amend the Memorandum to increase its authorised capital and in connection therewith the Company may in respect of any unissued shares increase the number of such shares and increase the par value of any such shares or effect any combination of the foregoing.

26. The Company may by Special Resolution amend the Memorandum to reduce its authorised capital and in connection therewith the Company may in respect of any unissued shares reduce the number of such shares, reduce the par value of any such shares or effect any combination of the foregoing:

27. Subject to the provisions of Article 31, the Company may amend the Memorandum to:
 

a. divide the shares, including issued shares, of a class or series into a larger number of shares of the same class or series; or

b. combine the shares, including issued shares, of a class or series into a smaller number of shares of the same class or series, provided, however, that where shares are divided or combined under a. or b. of this Article, the aggregate par value of the new shares must be equal to the aggregate par value of the original shares.

28. Subject to the provisions of Article 31, the capital of the Company may in General Meeting be increased by transferring an amount of the surplus of the Company to capital.

29. Subject to the provisions of the next succeeding Articles the capital of the Company may by special resolution be reduced by:
 

a. returning to members any amount received by the Company upon the issue of any of its shares, the amount being surplus to the requirements of the Company; or

b. cancelling any capital that is lost or not represented by assets having a realisable value; or

c. transferring capital to surplus for the purpose of redeeming shares that the directors have resolved to redeem.

30. No reduction of capital shall be effected that reduces the capital of the Company to an amount that immediately after the reduction is less than the aggregate par value of all outstanding shares with par value and all shares with par value held by the Company as treasury shares and the aggregate of the amounts designated as capital of all outstanding shares without par value and all shares without par value held by the Company as treasury shares that are entitled to a preference, if any, in the assets of the Company upon liquidation of the Company.

31. The capital or authorised capital of the Company cannot be increased beyond 5,000,000 shares without at least a two-thirds (2/3) approval with 75% of the total outstanding shares of the Company voting in a General Meeting.

MEETINGS AND CONSENTS OF MEMBERS
32. The annual meeting of the members shall be held at such time and place in each year as the Board of Directors shall from time to time determine.

33. Other meetings of members may be convened
 

a. by order of the President and/or of the Chief Executive Officer, or

b. by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Board of Directors, or

c. by a member or members who own twenty percent or more of the voting shares of the Company.

Meetings will be held at such times and in such manner and places within or outside Gibraltar as the directors consider necessary or desirable.

34. The directors shall give not less than 21 days notice of meetings of members to those persons whose names on the date the notice is given appear as members in the share register of the Company.

35. The directors may fix the date notice is given of a meeting of members as the record date for determining those shares that are entitled to vote at the meeting.

36. The inadvertent failure of the directors to give notice of a meeting to a member, or the fact that a member has not received notice, does not invalidate the meeting.

37. A member may be represented at a meeting of members by a proxy who may speak and vote on behalf of the member.

38. The instrument appointing a proxy shall be produced at the place appointed for the meeting before the time for holding the meeting at which the person named in such instrument proposes to vote.

39. An instrument appointing a proxy shall be in substantially the following form or such other form as the Chairman of the meeting shall accept as properly evidencing the wishes of the member appointing the proxy.

I/We ................ being a member of the above Company with shares HEREBY APPOINT.......................... of .......................... to be my/our proxy to vote for me/us at the meeting of members to be held on the ..........day of ..................... in the year .......... and at any adjournment thereof.

Signed this .............day of the month of............. in the year .............

..........................
Member

40. The following shall apply in respect of joint ownership of shares:

41. if two or more persons hold shares jointly each of them may be present in person or by proxy at a meeting of members and may speak as a member;
 

a. if only one of the joint owners is present in person or by proxy he may vote on behalf of all joint owners; and

b. if two or more of the joint owners are present in person or by proxy they must vote as one.

42. A member shall be deemed to be present at a meeting of members if he participates by telephone or e-mail or other electronic means and all members participating in the meeting are able to communicate with one another.

43. A meeting of members is duly constituted if, at the commencement of the meeting, there are present in person or by proxy not less than 25 percent of the votes of the shares or class or series of shares entitled to vote on resolutions of members to be considered at the meeting.

44. If within two hours from the time appointed for the meeting a quorum is not present, the meeting, if convened upon the requisition of members, shall be dissolved; in any other case it shall stand adjourned to the next business day at the same time and place or to such other time and place as the directors may determine, and if at the adjourned meeting there are present within one hour from the time appointed for the meeting in person or by proxy not less than 25 percent of the votes of the shares or each class or series of shares entitled to vote on the resolutions to be considered by the meeting, those present shall constitute a quorum but otherwise the meeting shall be dissolved.

45. At every meeting of members, the Chairman of the Board of Directors shall preside as chairman of the meeting. If there is no Chairman of the Board of Directors or if the Chairman of the Board of Directors is not present at the meeting, the members present shall choose some one of their number to be the chairman. If the members are unable to choose a chairman for any reason, then the person representing the greatest number of voting shares present in person or by prescribed form of proxy at the meeting shall preside as chairman failing which the oldest individual member or representative of a member present shall take the chair.

46. The chairman may, with the consent of the meeting, adjourn any meeting from time to time, and from place to place, but no business shall be transacted at any adjourned meeting other than the business left unfinished at the meeting from which the adjournment took place.

47. At any meeting of the members the chairman shall be responsible for deciding in such manner as he shall consider appropriate whether any resolution has been carried or not and the result of his decision shall be announced to the meeting and recorded in the minutes thereof. If the chairman shall have any doubt as to the outcome of any resolution put to the vote, he shall cause a poll to be taken of all votes cast upon such resolution, but if the chairman shall fail to take a poll then any member present in person or by proxy who disputes the announcement by the chairman of the result of any vote may immediately following such announcement demand that a poll be taken and the chairman shall thereupon cause a poll to be taken. If a poll is taken at any meeting, the result thereof shall be duly recorded in the minutes of that meeting by the chairman.

48. Any person other than an individual shall be regarded as one member and subject to Article 41 the right of any individual to speak for or represent such member shall be determined by the law of the jurisdiction where, and by the documents by which, the person is constituted or derives its existence. In case of doubt, the directors may in good faith seek legal advice from any qualified person and unless and until a court of competent jurisdiction shall otherwise rule the directors may rely and act upon such advice without incurring any liability to any member.

49. Any person other than an individual which is a member of the Company may by resolution of its directors or other governing body authorise such person as it thinks fit to act as its representative at any meeting of the Company or of any class of members of the Company, and the person so authorised shall be entitled to exercise the same powers on behalf of the person which he represents as that person could exercise if it were an individual member of the Company.

50. The chairman of any meeting at which a vote is cast by proxy or on behalf of any person other than an individual may call for a notarially certified copy of such proxy or authority which shall be produced within 7 days of being so requested or the votes cast by such proxy or on behalf of such person shall be disregarded.

51. Directors of the Company may attend and speak at any meeting of members of the Company and at any separate meeting of the holders of any class or series of shares in the Company.

52. An action that may be taken by the members at a meeting may also be taken by a resolution of members, representing not less than 25 percent of the votes of the shares or class or series of shares entitled to vote on resolutions of members, consented to in writing or by telex, telegram, cable, facsimile, e-mail or other written electronic communication, without the need for any notice, but if any resolution of members is agreed otherwise than by the unanimous written consent of all represented members, then said resolution shall have no standing, and shall not be adopted.

DIRECTORS
53. The members of the Board shall be divided into three classes, the classes to be as nearly equal in number as possible. The term of office of the Directors of the first class shall expire at the first annual meeting of members after their election, that of the second class shall expire at the second annual meeting after their election, and that of the third class to expire at the third annual meeting after their election. At each annual general meeting of the members following the adoption of these articles, the successors to the class of Directors whose term expires at that meeting shall be elected to hold office for a term expiring at the annual meeting of members held in the third year following the year of their election and until their successors have been elected and qualified.

54. The minimum number of directors shall be five and the maximum number shall be fifteen.

55. Each director shall hold office for the term, if any, fixed by resolution of members or until his earlier death, resignation or removal.

56. The members may from time to time, by affirmative vote of two-thirds (2/3) of shares entitled to vote at a general meeting of members, remove any Director or Directors for cause before the expiration of his or their period of office and elect any qualified person or persons in his or their stead for the balance of his or their term at a general meeting of members, of which notice specifying the intention to pass such resolution shall have been given.

57. A director may resign his office by giving written notice of his resignation to the Company and the resignation shall have effect from the date the notice is received by the Company or from such later date as may be specified in the notice.

58. The office of a director shall be vacated:-
 

a. If he is adjudged bankrupt.

b. If he becomes of unsound mind.

c. If he is absent from the Meetings of the directors for six months without the leave of the other directors or a majority of the other directors.

d. If by notice in writing left at or sent to the office of the Company, he resigns.

e. If he becomes prohibited by law from acting as a director.

59. A vacancy in the Board of Directors may be filled by a resolution of members or by a resolution of not less than two-thirds of the remaining directors.

60. With the prior or subsequent approval by a resolution of members, the directors may, by a resolution of directors, fix the emoluments of directors with respect to services to be rendered in any capacity to the Company.

POWERS OF DIRECTORS
61. The business and affairs of the Company shall be managed by the directors who may exercise all such powers of the Company as are noted by the Ordinance or by the Memorandum or these Articles required to be exercised by the members of the Company, subject to any delegation of such powers as may be authorised by these Articles and to such requirements as may be prescribed by a resolution of members; but no requirement made by a resolution of members shall prevail if it be inconsistent with these Articles nor shall such requirement invalidate any prior act of the directors which would have been valid if such requirement had not been made.

62. All action taken and things done by any meeting of persons acting as a Board of Directors or by any person acting as a Director shall, notwithstanding that it shall afterwards be discovered that there was some defect in the election, appointment or qualification of such Board or Director, be as valid as though such defect had not obtained.

63. The directors may, by a resolution of directors, appoint any person, including a person who is a director, to be an officer or agent of the Company.

64. Every officer or agent of the Company has such powers and authority of the directors, including the power and authority to affix the Seal, as are set forth in these Articles or in the resolution of directors appointing the officer or agent, except that no officer or agent has any power or authority with respect to fixing the emoluments of directors.

65. Any director which is a body corporate may appoint any person its duly authorised representative for the purpose of representing it at meetings of the Board of Directors or with respect to unanimous written consents.

66. The continuing directors may act notwithstanding any vacancy in their body, save that if their number is reduced below the number fixed by or pursuant to these Articles as the necessary quorum for a meeting of directors, the continuing directors or director may act only for the purpose of appointing directors to fill any vacancy that has arisen for summoning a meeting of members.

67. All cheques, promissory notes, drafts, bills of exchange and other negotiable instruments and all receipts for moneys paid to the Company, shall be signed, drawn, accepted, endorsed or otherwise executed, as the case may be, in such manner as shall from time to time be determined by resolution of directors.

PROCEEDINGS OF DIRECTORS
68. The directors of the Company or any committee hereof may meet at such times and in such manner and places within or outside Gibraltar as the directors may determine to be necessary or desirable.

69. A director shall be deemed to be present at a meeting of directors if he participates by telephone or e-mail or other electronic means and all directors participating in the meeting are able to communicate with one another.

70. A director shall be given not less than 48 hours notice of meetings of directors, but a meeting of directors held without 48 hours notice having been given to all directors shall be valid if all the directors entitled to vote at the meeting who do not attend, waive notice of the meeting and for this purpose, the presence of a director at a meeting shall constitute waiver on his part. The inadvertent failure to give notice of a meeting to a director, or the fact that a director has not received the notices, does not invalidate the meeting.

71. A director may by a written instrument appoint an alternate who need not be a director and an alternate is entitled to attend meetings in the absence of the director who appointed him and to vote or consent in place of the director.

72. A meeting of directors is duly constituted for all purposes if at the commencement of the meeting there are present in person or by alternate not less than one less than the total number of directors, unless there are only two directors in which case the quorum shall be two. It is noted that the Company runs a continual Board meeting by electronic means.

73. At every meeting of the directors the Chairman of the Board of Directors shall preside as chairman of the meeting. If there is no Chairman of the Board of Directors or if the Chairman of the Board of Directors is not present at the meeting the Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors shall preside. If there is no Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors or if the Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors is not present at the meeting the directors present shall choose some one of their number to be chairman of the meeting.

74. An action that may be taken by the directors or a committee of directors at a meeting may also be taken by a resolution of directors or a committee of directors consented to in writing or by telex, telegram, cable, facsimile, e-mail, or other written electronic communication by all directors or all members of the committee as the case may be, without the need for any notice.

75. The directors shall cause the following corporate records to be kept:
 

a. minutes of all meetings of directors, members, committees of directors, committees of officers and committees of members;

b. copies of all resolutions consented to by directors, members, committees of directors, committees of officers and committees of members; and

d. such other accounts and records as the directors by resolution of directors consider necessary or desirable in order to reflect the financial position of the Company.

76. The books, records and minutes shall be kept at the registered office of the Company or at such other place as the directors determine. These shall be open for inspection by any member of the Board at all reasonable business hours.

77. The Board of Directors shall have a Chairman and a three (3) person to five (5) person Executive Committee, Audit Committee and Compensation Committee, and as many other Committees of the Board of Directors, as the directors may deem appropriate.

78. Each committee of directors has such powers and authorities of the directors, including the power and authority to affix the Seal, as are set forth in the resolution of directors establishing the committee, except that no committee has any power or authority either to amend the Memorandum or these Articles or with respect to the matters requiring a resolution of directors under Articles 61, 62 and 66.

79. The Executive committee shall have no less than three members and no more than five. The Board of Directors elects the Executive Committee after each annual meeting. The Executive Committee has the authority to function for the full Board of Directors and can bind the Company subject to Normal Board and Regulatory Approvals where appropriate. The Executive Committee is for ease of operation, though it is generally assumed that the Executive Committee deliberations will be carried out in electronic communications to which all directors are privy.

80. The meetings and proceedings of each committee of directors consisting of two or more directors shall be governed mutatis mutandis by the provisions of these Articles regulating the proceedings of directors so far as the same are not superseded by any provisions in the resolution establishing the committee.

FINANCING
81. The Board of Directors may from time to time:
 

a. borrow money upon the credit of the Company, though this is frowned upon unless it is non-recourse financing

b. limit or increase the amount to be borrowed

c. issue shares, in the Company subject to the following: The share capitalization of the Company is limited to 5,000,000 shares outstanding. This can be changed only by a two-thirds (2/3) approval of at least 75% of the total outstanding shares of the Company at a meeting of the members.

d. repurchase or borrow Company shares, either directly or indirectly and sell or use them in any manner to finance the company, always subject to the reporting requirements in the jurisdictions where the shares trade. The right of the Company to sell shares, debentures or other securities, in subsidiary or directly or indirectly controlled companies for such sums and at such prices as may be deemed expedient.

e. secure any such shares or debentures or other securities in subsidiary companies or directly or indirectly controlled companies or any other present or future borrowing or liability of subsidiary or directly or indirectly controlled companies of the Company by mortgage, charge or pledge of all or any currently owned or subsequently acquired real and personal, movable or immovable property directly or indirectly owned.

82. The Board of Directors, may from time to time authorize any Director or Directors, Officer of Officers, Employee of the Company or other person or persons, whether connected with the Company or not, to make arrangements for subsidiary companies or companies controlled indirectly or directly with references to the money borrowed or to be borrowed as aforesaid, and as to the terms and conditions of the loan thereof, and with the power to vary or modify such arrangements, terms and conditions and to give such additional securities.

83. If absolutely necessary the company may borrow money from Officers and Directors and others for its ongoing business needs on such terms and conditions as the Directors may authorize from time to time.

84. The Board of Directors from time to time can authorize any Director or Directors, Officer or Officers, employee of the Company or other persons or agents of the company, to sign, execute and give on behalf of the Company and all subsidiary and directly and indirectly controlled companies all documents, agreements, promises and other writings necessary or desirable for the purposes aforesaid to draw, make accept, endorse, execute and issue cheques, wire transfers, money orders purchases and sales of securities, promissory notes, bills of exchange, bills of lading, and other negotiable or transferable instruments and the same and all renewals thereof or substitutions thereof so signed shall be binding upon the company.

85. The powers hereby conferred shall be and be deemed to be in supplement of and not in substitution for any powers to borrow money, or conduct business for the purposes of the Company possessed by its Directors or Officers independently of a Borrowing Article.

86. The Directors shall cause a proper register to be kept in accordance with the Ordinance of all mortgages and charges specifically affecting the property of the Company and shall duly comply with the requirements of the Ordinance in relation and otherwise.

OFFICERS
87. The Officers of the Company shall be a President, a CEO and a Secretary and such other Officers as the Board in its discretion may from time to time elect. The President and or the CEO may from time to time appoint persons who are not corporate Officers to executive or administrative offices, with such titles as the President and or the CEO in his discretion may determine.

88. Any offices except those of President and Secretary may be held by the same person.

89. The officers shall perform such duties as shall be prescribed at the time of their appointment subject to any modification in such duties as may be prescribed thereafter by resolution of directors or resolution of members.

90. The remuneration of all Officers of the Company shall be established by the Corporation Compensation Committee of the Board in such manner as it may from time to time determine.

91. The officers of the Company shall hold office until their successors are duly elected and qualified, but any officer elected or appointed by the directors may be removed at any time, with or without cause, by resolution of directors. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the Company may be filled by resolution of directors.

92. Except to the extent from time to time otherwise determined by resolution of the Board, the President and the CEO shall be the Executive Officers of the Company and shall have general supervision of all other Officers and their duties.

93. Subject to any statutory limitation, the President and/or the CEO may from time to time delegate to any other person the powers, authority and duties of any Officer.

94. Subject to such limitation as the Board may from time to time impose, an Officer shall have all the powers and authority and shall perform all the duties as may from time to time be imposed upon the holder of such office by the Articles of Association of the Company or by resolution of the Board.

CONFLICT OF INTERESTS
95. If a Director, Officer or Employee of the Company is a Director or Officer of another company or holds a beneficial interest of 5% or more, directly or indirectly, in a company or property, such other company or property may not be vended into the Company unless
 

a. the terms of such contract are fully disclosed in advance to the Board of Directors of the Company; and

b. if the cost to the Company exceeds $50,000 USD, then the contract must be approved by a 2/3 majority of the Board of Directors, with the Director or Directors involved abstaining; and

c. if the cost to Company exceeds $200,000 USD then the contract must be ratified by two-thirds (2/3) of the members of the Company in attendance at a regular or special meeting of members called to consider the subject contract. These restrictions do not apply to the provision of goods and services in the ordinary course of business.

97. No Director or Officer of the Company, while in Office and acting in his official capacity shall be liable for; the acts, receipts, neglects or defaults of any other person; or for joining in any receipt or act of conformity; or for any loss, damage or expense happening to the Company through the insufficiency or deficiency of title to any property acquired by, for or on behalf of the Company, or for the insufficiency or deficiency of any security in or upon which any moneys or the Company are invested; or for any loss or damages arising from the bankruptcy, insolvency or tortuous act of any person with whom any moneys, securities, or other property of the Company are lodged or deposited; or for any other loss, damage, or misfortune whatever which may arise out of the execution of the duties of his office or in relation thereto unless the same shall happen by or through his own willful and wrongful act.

98. Any contract entered into or action taken or omitted by or on behalf of the Company shall, if approved by a resolution of the members in General Meeting, be deemed for all purposed to have had prior authorization of all members.

99. The Company may purchase and maintain insurance in relation to any person who is or was a director, or an officer of the Company, or who at the request of the Company is or was serving as a director, or an officer of, or in any other capacity is or was acting for, another company or a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against any liability asserted against the person and incurred by the person in that capacity, whether or not the Company has or would have had the power to indemnify the person against the liability.

SEAL

100. The seal, an impression whereof is stamped on the margin hereof, with the Mining Pick and Beluga Whale shall be the seal of the company.

101. The Company may have more than one seal and references herein to the Seal shall be references to every seal which shall have been duly adopted by resolution of directors. The directors shall provide for the safe custody of the Seal and for an imprint thereof to be kept at the Registered Office. Except as otherwise expressly provided herein the Seal when affixed to any written instrument shall be witnessed and attested to by the signature of a director or any other person so authorised from time to time by resolution of directors. Such authorisation may be before or after the Seal is affixed may be general or specific and may refer to any number of sealings. The directors may provide for a facsimile of the Seal and of the signature of any director or authorised person which may be reproduced by printing or other means on any instrument and it shall have the same force and validity as if the Seal had been affixed to such instrument and the same had been signed as hereinbefore described.

MERGER: ACQUISITION
102. In the event that two thirds (2/3) of the entire Board of Directors shall approve the acquisition of the Company by any individual, group of individuals or business entity, or the merger of the Company with any other business entity, such approval shall become effective upon ratification by not less than two-thirds (2/3) of the outstanding shares of the Company entitled to vote at a meeting of the members of the company especially called for such purpose.

103. In the event that any such acquisition or merger of the Company shall not be approved by the Board of Directors as set forth above, then such disapproval may be over-ridden by a vote of not less than three-quarters (3/4) of the outstanding shares entitled to vote at a meeting of members of the Company specially called for such purpose.

DIVIDENDS:
104. Dividends shall be payable from time to time only to the extent and as and when and in what manner the Board of Directors, at its discretion, may from time to time determine.

105. Subject to any applicable statutory provisions, the Board may fix in advance a date preceding, by not more than Thirty (30) days the date for payment of any dividend or share distribution or any other form of distribution to the members, as a Record Date for the determination of the rights to receive the distribution as the case may be and in every such case only such person as shall be members of record at the close of business on the date so fixed shall be entitled to receive payment of such dividend , notwithstanding the transfer of any shares after any such record date fixed as aforesaid.

106. If the dividend is payable in cash, then it shall be paid by cheque drawn to the order of each registered holder of shares of the company, which has been declared and mailed by Air Mail, postage prepaid to such registered holder at his address as recorded on the books of the Company, unless such holder otherwise directs. In the case of joint holders, the cheque shall, unless such joint holders otherwise direct, be made payable to the order of all of such holders and if more than one address is recorded on the books of the company in respect to such joint holding, the cheque shall be mailed to the first address so recorded. The mailing of such a cheque as the aforesaid shall satisfy and discharge all liability for the dividend to the extent of the sum presented thereby, unless such cheque is not paid upon due presentation. In the event of non-receipt of any dividend cheque thereby the person to whom it is so sent at aforesaid address, the Company shall issue or cause to be issued to such person a replacement cheque for the like amount upon such terms as to indemnify the company and such evidence of non-receipts as the President and or the CEO may from time to time prescribe, whether generally or in any particular case.

WITHHOLDING INFORMATION FROM MEMBERS
107. No member shall be entitled by virtue of being a member to discovery of any information or records respecting the Company or its business except under authority which may be general or specific of a Resolution of the Board, saving always the statutory rights of a member.

ACCOUNTS
108. The books of account if any shall be kept at the registered office of the Company, or at such other place or places as the directors think fit.

109. The directors may, if they deem it fit, cause to be made out and may serve on the members or lay before a meeting of members a profit and loss account for a period in the case of the first account since the incorporation of the Company and in any other case, since the preceding account, made to a date not earlier than the date of the notice by more than twelve months, and a balance sheet as at the date to which the profit and loss account is made up.

110. A copy of any such profit and loss account and balance sheet shall be served on every member in the manner and with similar notice to that prescribed herein for calling an annual meeting of members or upon such shorter notice as the members may agree to accept.

111. The accounts of the Company are to be kept in accordance with the provisions of generally accepted accounting practices.

112. The directors shall, in accordance with the Ordinance cause to be made out in every year and to be laid before the Company in General Meeting a balance sheet and profit and loss account to be decided upon by the directors and made up to a date not earlier than the date of the Meeting by more than nine months.

AUDIT
113. The Company may by resolution of members call for the accounts to be examined by auditors.

114. The first auditors shall be appointed by resolution of directors; subsequent auditors shall be appointed by a resolution of members and his duties regulated in accordance with the Ordinance.

115. The auditors shall examine each profit and loss account and balance sheet required to be served on every member of the Company or laid before a meeting of the members of the Company and shall state in a written report whether or not:
 

a. in their opinion the profit and loss account and balance sheet give a true and fair view respectively of the profit and loss for the period covered by the accounts, and of the state of affairs of the Company at the end of that period;

b. all the information and explanations required by the auditors have been obtained.

116. The report of the auditors shall be annexed to the accounts and shall be presented at the meeting of members at which the accounts are laid before the Company or shall be served on the members.

117. Every auditor of the Company shall have a right of access at all times to the books of account and vouchers of the Company, and shall be entitled to require from the directors and officers of the Company such information and explanations as he thinks necessary for the performance of the duties of the auditors.

118. The auditors of the Company shall be entitled to receive notice of, and to attend any meetings of members of the Company at which the Company's profit and loss account and balance sheet are to be presented.

SECRETARY
119. A secretary shall be appointed by the directors for such term, at such remuneration and upon such conditions as they may think fit; and any secretary so appointed may be removed by them.

NOTICES
120. Any notice, information or written statement to be given by the Company to members must be served to the address of such shareholder appearing on the books of the Company or, if not so appearing, to the last address known to the person charged with mailing: and for such purpose the address of any shareholder on the books of the Company may be changed in accordance with any information which appears to be reliable: and any notice with respect to shares registered in the names of more than one person shall be given to whichever of such persons is named first in the share register and notice so given shall be sufficient notice to all holders thereof.

121. Any summons, notice, order, document, process, information or written statement to be served on the Company may be served by leaving it, or by sending it by registered mail addressed to the Company, at its registered office.

122. Service of any summons, notice, order, document, process, information or written statement to be served on the Company may be proved by showing that the summons, notice, order, document, process, information or written statement was mailed in such time as to admit to its being delivered in the normal course of delivery within the period prescribed for service and was correctly addressed and the postage was prepaid.

123. Any notice or other communication delivered in person shall be deemed to have been given at the time of delivery, and any notice or other communications sent by Air Mail Post shall be deemed to have been given on the day of mailing, and any notice or other communication sent by any means or wire or wireless including e-mail and fax or any form or recorded communication or communication delivered by Courier shall be deemed to have been given the day when it was sent electronically or delivered to the appropriate communication company or its agency for dispatch; and a certificate in respect of any thereof in writing signed by any Officer of the Company or by an Officer of a transfer agent and registrar of the Company shall be conclusive evidence of the matters therein certified.

124. Every person who by any means whatsoever becomes entitled to any share shall be bound by every notice in respect thereof given to his predecessor in title to the name and address of such person being entered in the share register of the holder thereof.

125. Any notice or other communication duly given to any member shall, notwithstanding that such member be then deceased and whether or not the Company have notice thereof, be deemed to have been duly served upon all persons, including his heirs, executors, administrator or assigns, having any title to or interest in the shares registered in the name of such member either as sole holder or as holder thereof jointly with others.

126. The signature to any notice or other communication to be given by the Company may be in whole or in part written, stamped, typewritten, electronically signed, printed or done in any other consistent verifiable manner.

127. The accidental omission to send any notice to any member, Director, or Officer or Auditors or the non-receipt of any notice by any Member, Director, Officer or Auditors or any error in the notice not affecting the substance thereof shall not invalidate any action taken at any meeting held pursuant to such notice or otherwise founded thereon.

128. Any Member, Director or Officer, or the Auditors, may waive any notice requirement to be given by the Articles or Memorandum or by statute, and such waiver whether given before or after the meeting or other event of which notice is required to be given shall cure any default in the giving of such notice.

VOLUNTARY WINDING UP AND DISSOLUTION
129. Subject to any rights which may exist in favor of any particular class of shares, if the Company shall be insufficient to repay the whole of the paid up capital, such assets shall be distributed, so that as nearly as may be, the deficiency shall be born by the members in proportion to the capital paid up or nearly as may be, the deficiency shall be born by the members in proportion to the capital paid up or which ought to have been paid up at the commencement of the winding up of the shares held by them respectively, and if on a winding up, the assets available for distribution among the members shall be more than sufficient to repay the whole of the capital paid up, at the commencement of the winding up, the excess shall be distributed among the members in proportion to the capital at the commencement of the winding up, paid or which ought to have been paid up on the shares held by them respectively.

130. Subject to any rights which may exist in favour of any particular class of shares, but subject to the provisions of any law from time to time in force with regard thereto, any part of the assets of the Company, including any shares in other companies, may be divided among the members of the Company in specie, or may be vested in trustees for the benefit of such members and the liquidation of the Company may be closed and the Company dissolved, but so that no members shall be compelled to accept any shares or otherwise whereon there is any liability.
 

ENACTED this day of , 1998

WITNESS the Corporate Seal of the Company.

________________________
Rodney T. Cox, Ph.D.
CEO/Chairman

________________________
Isaiah W. Cox, A.B.
President/COO

________________________
David M. Goldenberg, LL.B.
Secretary